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Alt Asset Report #003 - Fine Art

Alt Asset Report #003 - Fine Art

Overview

Investment Hypothesis

  • One of the oldest assets classes in the world, directly connected to human history and progress
  • Fast growth in China and India, the world’s two largest countries by population
  • Creates an emotional reaction when consumed
  • Mature as an asset class, with both traditional and new investment opportunities

Investment Factors

Category/Era

Time Period

Market Dynamics

Notes/Examples

Old Masters

Produced in Europe before 1800

More mature market with mostly stable value

More mature market with mostly stable value

Salvator Mundi, by Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)

Impressionism and Modernism

Late 19th century to mid-20th century

Mature market with some of the most valuable pieces

5 of the 10 highest prices are from this era

The Card Players, by Paul Cézanne (1839 - 1906)

Post-War Contemporary

Predominantly American Pop, Abstract Expressionist, and Contemporary work seen after WWII

Newest, least stable market with highest level speculation

Whaam!, by Roy Lichtenstein (1997-present)

No. 5, 1948, by Jackson Pollack (1912 - 1956)

Traditional Chinese Works

Created anywhere from the mid-1950s back to the first millennium

Evolved from pottery, to sculptures, to artwork dated 60 BCE

Fast growing market with large audience

Endless Streams and Mountains, by Wang Hui (1632-1717)

Five Drunken Princes Returning On Horseback by Ren Renfa (1255-1328)

  • What makes art valuable?
    • Historical significance
      • Art that details a specific event or was created during a certain period of importance
    • Provenance
      • Lineage of the artwork’s owners
    • Intrinsic value - how it makes you feel
  • Bubble appear frequently and in unpredictable sub-markets of the art world
  • It has been studied a lot
  • AI may flood the market and bring down prices
  • AI may make replicas that are indistinguishable from originals, diminishing values
  • There are always new trends and styles to compete for investment dollars
  • Value is tied to few, specific individuals creating more risk in each one

Marketplaces

  • ArtPal - Marketplace for individuals to buy and sell art pieces
  • Sotheby’s - Sell art on consignment and bid on auctions
  • M.S. Rau - Large art gallery in New Orleans with paintings for sale
  • Zatista - Buy original, one-of-a-kind artwork
  • ArtSpace Warehouse - Contemporary art, representing abstract, landscape, urban, pop, street art, photography, and sculptures.
  • Rise Art - Contemporary paintings available for sale or rent
  • Society6 - Buy prints and posters
  • Fine Art America - Buy and sell art prints
  • Masterworks - Buy shares in actual art pieces
  • Artplode - Deal directly with buyers and sellers, no commission charged. $60 fee to list
  • Saatchi Art - Online, curated art gallery
  • Art Brokerage - Buy and sell artwork to over 250,000 members
  • Artsy - Hand-curated selection of artwork for sale
  • Artspace - Contemporary art for sale from marque artists
  • Artspan - Buy affordable art directly from artists

Investment Types

  • Collector Expenditures by Art Medium
    • 58% - Paintings
    • 13% - Works on paper
    • 8% - Installations
    • 8% - Sculptures
    • 6% - Prints/multiples
    • 3% - Digital art
    • 2% - Photography
    • 2% - Film or video art
  • Individual pieces
  • Art funds
  • Fractional shares
  • Digital art - NFTs and similar works

Investment Guides

  • UBS - The Art Basel and UBS Global Art Market Report 2024
  • Market Decline: The global art market fell by 4% to $65 billion in 2023, mainly due to economic instability and a drop in high-end sales, though it stayed above pre-pandemic levels.
  • Online Growth: Online art sales rose by 7% to $11.8 billion, making up 18% of the market, showing the sustained role of digital platforms even as live events returned.
  • China's Rise: China became the second-largest art market, with sales up 9% to $12.2 billion, driven by post-lockdown demand, though momentum slowed in the year's second half.
  • Independent - The New York Art Market Report
    • New York’s Dominance: New York accounts for 90% of the U.S. art market by value and remains the global art hub due to its wealth base, cultural infrastructure, and strong legal framework.
    • Collector Behavior: New York collectors, largely driven by passion and philanthropy, spend an average of $759,000 annually on art, with most transactions under $50,000.
  • Bank of America - Art market update: Searching for terra firma
    • Landing: Following 2021 exuberance, the market is still correcting.
    • Buyers: Art buyers continue to expect lower prices at auctions and galleries. 
    • Sellers: Continue to hold off on discretionary selling until demand regains its prior price elasticity.
  • The Motley Fool - Investing in Art Stocks
    • Invest in fine art if:
      1. You have a passion and appreciation for art and are willing to do research.
      2. You have an established portfolio of other investments and re looking to diversify your portfolio.
      3. You have high risk tolerance.
      4.  You’re willing to own a piece of art indefinitely.
      5. You can afford the maintenance and insurance for the pieces you do acquire.

Industry Sources

  • Apollo - international art magazine
  • Aether Magazine - Spotlight the work of emerging talent from marginalized backgrounds
  • Flash Art - Contemporary art bi-monthly
  • Nuda Paper - Biannual hardcover exploring the worlds of art, fashion, design, philosophy and science
  • Artsy - Pricing guide with auction records from over 300,000 artists
  • Art Business News - Comprehensive coverage of the art business for 45 years